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Copyright 2025- All Right Reserved Norway News
Environment

Norway commits to zero deforestation

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

shutterstock_210979918_news_featuredThe Norwegian parliament pledged that the government’s public procurement policy will go deforestation-free.

Norway is a leader in funding forest conservation around the world (see here, here, and here, for example), and has also taken a stand for the human rights of forest communities. But now the country has announced that it will walk the walk itself.

In what’s being hailed as a groundbreaking move, the Norwegian parliament pledged yesterday that the government’s public procurement policy will be going deforestation-free.

The Rainforest Foundation Norway, which has worked for a number of years to secure a zero deforestation commitment from the Norwegian government in regard to its supply chains, said in a statement that “Norway is the first country in the world to commit to zero deforestation in its public procurement.”

The Norwegian parliament’s Standing Committee on Energy and the Environment made the pledge in a recommendation on the government’s Action Plan on Nature Diversity. The Committee requested in the recommendation that the government “impose requirements to ensure that public procurements do not contribute to deforestation of the rainforest.”

Further details on what those requirements will actually entail will have to be elaborated upon by the government as a follow-up to the decision made today by the parliament, according to Rainforest Foundation Norway.

The Standing Committee on Energy and the Environment also requested that the government address the need to protect biodiversity through the investments made by Norges Bank Investment Management, which manages Norway’s Government Pension Fund Global, and that a separate policy for biodiversity be developed.

Today’s announcement would seem to make good on a joint declaration Norway issued with Germany and the UK at a UN climate summit in New York in September 2014, which stated the three countries’ intention to “promote national commitments that encourage deforestation-free supply chains, including through public procurement policies to sustainably source commodities such as palm oil, soy, beef and timber.”

The global trade in agricultural commodities has become an increasingly important driver of tropical deforestation. A December 2015 study found that, between 2000 and 2011, the production of beef, palm oil, soy, and wood products (including timber and pulp and paper) in just seven countries with high deforestation rates (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea) was responsible for 40 per cent of total tropical deforestation and 44 per cent of associated carbon emissions.

Rainforest Foundation Norway’s Nils Hermann Ranum said Norway’s pledge to go deforestation-free was an important victory in the fight to protect rainforests and called on other countries to follow Norway’s lead by adopting similar zero deforestation commitments, particularly Germany and the UK, given their joint statement at the UN Climate Summit.

“Over the last few years, a number of companies have committed to cease the procurement of goods that can be linked to destruction of the rainforest,” Ranum said in a statement.

“Until now, this has not been matched by similar commitments from governments. Thus, it is highly positive that the Norwegian state is now following suit and making the same demands when it comes to public procurements.”

(eco-business)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Africa and Norway

Foreign Minister Brende to host Africa-Nordic Meeting of Foreign Ministers

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

brende_borge‘I am looking forward to receiving colleagues from 12 key African countries on Thursday and Friday this week. They include the foreign ministers of Africa’s two largest economies, Nigeria and South Africa. Developments in Africa are important to Norway, and we have many common challenges. African countries are also important as cooperation partners and markets,’ said Minister of Foreign Affairs Børge Brende.

The Africa-Nordic Meeting of Foreign Ministers is held once a year, and is hosted alternately by an African and a Nordic country. Last year’s meeting was in South Africa. The meetings provide a framework for an informal, open dialogue on international topics that are relevant both to the Nordic region and to Africa. This year, issues on the agenda include economic development, job creation, migration and terrorism. The foreign ministers of the following countries will be attending the meeting: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa and Sweden. Finland will be represented by the Minister for Foreign Trade and Development, and Denmark by a state secretary from the Foreign Ministry.

‘Several of the world’s fastest growing economies
are in Africa. The continent has a large population of young people and there is a huge need for more jobs. Through our cooperation with African countries, we will seek to create a good framework for investment and job creation. At the same time, several African countries are facing major challenges related to terrorism and violent extremism. This creates security problems for us as well, and greater effort and closer cooperation are needed to deal with these issues,’ said Mr Brende.

Members of the press are invited to meet the foreign ministers when they visit the Holmenkollen ski jump at 18:00 on Thursday 26 May. They are also invited to the opening of the meeting at Holmenkollen Park Hotel at 10:00 on Friday 27 May. The foreign ministers will take a boat trip on the Oslofjord starting at 17:15 on Friday. This will be hosted by the Norwegian–African Business Association, and representatives of the Norwegian business sector will also take part.

(MFA)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Norwegian Aid

Norwegian Refugee Council Says up to 50,000 Civilians Trapped in Fallujah

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

fallujah-620x400London- Ever since State of Law Coalition leader Nouri al-Maliki asked the militias of the Popular Mobilization Forces to join the operation to retake the Iraqi city of Fallujah from ISIS, international organizations began to shout out loud over the fate of residents after sporadic shelling put their lives at risk.

As the militias approached the besieged city, the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross made urgent appeals to save civilians and open humanitarian corridors.

The Norwegian Refugee Council in Iraq estimated in a new report issued on the situation of Fallujah that up to 50,000 civilians are believed to be trapped inside.

According to the report, 36 families arrived on Wednesday from Fallujah’s suburbs to safer areas. They are in a state of fear and shock because of the shelling and the violent clashes taking place there.

Initial reports from inside Fallujah say that around half of the population have escaped towards al-Azrakiyeh neighborhood. They are in very bad circumstances and are seeking hard to leave the area safely.

In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, Media and Communications Officer at the NRC Elias Abu Ata said: “Only one family was able to escape from Fallujah last week.”

“As for the second family, which arrived from the city’s suburbs and its members escaped barefoot, it took different roads” to reach its destination.

“Because of the heavy shelling, it is impossible to send aid workers to help the civilians get out of there, particularly that the roads leading to Fallujah are very dangerous,” he said.

“The families are our priority,” Ata said when asked about fears that extremists will infiltrate the displacement camps where the families have taken refuge.

According to the NRC, the humanitarian situation in the city is desperate. Iraqi forces are now converging on it from three different directions.

“There are thousands trapped in Fallujah with intense fighting raging on their doorsteps,” said NRC’s Country Director in Iraq Nasr Muflahi.

“Families who have been suffering food and medical shortages over the last months now risk being caught in the crossfire and it is absolutely vital that they are granted safe routes out of there so that we can assist them. All parties to this conflict have to provide safe exits for civilians,” he said.

Becky Bakr Abdulla of the NRC, who is on the ground in Iraq, met some of the families who escaped and are staying in displacement camps in Amiryiat Al Fallujah, 30 kilometers away.

Their testimonies reveal the real nightmare of the people trying to survive inside the warzone.

“One woman told me that she and her family escaped under the dark of night,” recalled Bakr Abdulla.

“They took off their slippers to make less noise. They hid in big drainage pipes, before running to the border raising white flags made of cloth,” she added.

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Africa and Norway

Nigerian, Norwagian bilateral chamber berths in Lagos

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

Norwagian-1062x598The Nigerian-Norwegian Chamber of Commerce (NNCC) has been launched in Lagos to promote socio-economic relationship between Africa’s biggest economy and the Nordic country.

The chamber, according to its promoters, will essentially evolve new communications channel between Nigeria’s business corporates and their Norwegian counterparts.

Described as the first such bilateral chamber between an African country and Norway, NNCC is also expected to interface with relevant organizations in both economies to promote socio-cultural ties in the two countries.

NNCC’s inauguration was performed in Lagos by the Ambassador of Norway to Nigeria, Rolf Kristian Ree, as part of the ceremonies marking the National Day of Norway.

At the event, Ree said: “The relationships between Nigeria and Norway are strong and good. They are growing. Nigeria is our largest trading partner on the African continent. However, Nigeria Norway relationship should not be reduced to profitable business opportunities only,” saying it should go beyond the present level of interaction to promote ethical and mutually beneficial economic, social and cultural relationships between the two countries.

On the strength of these reciprocal expectations, the Chairman of the chamber, Chijioke Igwe said the body will be undertaking economic and business research; promoting business development by aiding and supporting business entities’ identified interest areas through partnerships.

“It will create and provide action programmes designed to identify investment opportunities and put prospective partners together. The chamber will also promote trade shows, educational, civic, social and cultural programmes and fairs to foster business interaction, cultural and ethical value assimilation between business prospects.

“Businesses from both countries stand to derive immense benefits from the activities of the chamber. Enterprises that want to see their business grow into Norway and from Norway into Nigeria may never see a better opportunity to launch such initiatives than through the platform NNCC provides,” Igwe added.

So far, the founding members operate in the power; oil and gas; agriculture; construction; telecommunications; consultancy services; and other sectors in Nigeria.

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Economics

Snøhetta develops a “tribal language” for Høyskolen Kristiania School

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

Screen Shot 2016-05-27 at 10.00.26When Snøhetta was approached to develop and identity for Høyskolen Kristiania it developed a concept that would embrace the school’s holistic focus on the individual rather than education alone. Høyskolen Kristiania is the result of the merger of four Norwegian schools and the new identity was required to establish a strong brand and enhance the school’s competitiveness.

The identity, developed in consultation with staff and students, is based on the concept of transformation as sought inspiration in written language. “The development of what is arguably human kind’s most important innovation, the written language, has made it possible to share knowledge across generations,” says Snøhetta. “Its transformation throughout history up until today’s Latin alphabet became the foundation for the visual identity and the start of the transformation into a unique written language for the school.”

Snøhetta developed a new alphabet that merges typographical forms with graphic patterns. The new typeface has been used on ID cards, T-shirts and business cards as well as signage, printed materials and online. The identity and concept was further expanded fro use by the students so that it forms part of the identity of the student union, with icons and smileys added, to allow for more informal communication. “Because the use of identity is so varied and the surfaces it is applied on ranges from analogue to digital/2D to 3D, we were dependent on developing a system that was simple and adaptable,” say the designers. “With the geometric shapes as the basis of the alphabet the system stays recognisable even in different scales, colour and format – whether it’s wayfinding and interior, printed material, or digital design. Probably the foremost example of the development of the identity yet, is that one of the current students recently tattooed himself using the alphabet. We certainly didn’t see that one coming.”

(itsnicethat)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Economics

European airlines protest Norwegian passenger tax

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

Screen Shot 2016-05-27 at 09.58.30European lobby group Airlines for Europe (A4E) said it is “astonished” that Norway’s government is pressing ahead with a new airline passenger tax despite evidence that such levies depress demand and weaken both airlines and airports.

A4E said the Norwegian government’s plans to introduce the NOK80 ($9.65) tax on both departing domestic and international passengers this summer will harm Norway’s airline sector and the wider economy.

“According to IATA analysis, the tax risks reducing the overall demand for air transport by 5%, which equals roughly 1.2 million passengers per year,” A4E said in a statement May 26. “In addition, the tax would lead to a reduction in the direct and indirect output of the aviation sector by an estimated NOK 1.4 billion.”

Since its creation in January, A4E—which consists of a mix of major legacy and low-cost carriers—has taken aim at what it says is a rising tide of aviation-related taxes.

“We are astonished about the unwavering approach of the Norwegian authorities on implementing the air passenger tax while almost all comments during the public consultation period contained objections to it,” A4E managing director Thomas Reynaert said. “Instead of preventing economic growth and job creation by imposing unreasonable taxes, European governments should create a supportive regulatory environment.

“Unavoidably, the proposed tax will lead to fewer operators in the Norwegian aviation market and reduced competition.”

A4E said evidence from around Europe shows removing taxes is beneficial to airlines and the wider economy. It pointed to the Dutch government’s removal of a ticket tax in 2009, which it said led to growth in passenger numbers, while the Irish government’s removal of a traffic tax in 2014 led to traffic growth at Irish airports and an 8% increase in tourism last year.

It added that economic analysis by accountancy firm PwC had predicted that removing the UK’s Air Passenger Duty (APD)—one of the highest in the world—would boost UK GDP by 1.7% and create 60,000 new jobs by 2020. Scotland, which has extensive financial autonomy within the UK, plans to cut APD by 50% as a precursor to disposing of it entirely.

(atwonline)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Sex scandal

Sex workers must be able to live in safety and free from discrimination – new policy published

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

548x331_gate_i_oslo._skummelt_morkt_skremmende_stemning_natt_opplyst_gatemiljo_gatelys_nattestid_ensomt_dystert_hostmorket_gatebelysning_gult_gatelys_illustrasjon“If a customer is bad you need to manage it yourself to the end. You only call the police if you think you are going to die. If you call the police, you lose everything”
Sex worker in Norway

Amnesty International has today published its policy and research on protecting sex workers from human rights violations and abuses.

Amnesty’s new policy recommends the decriminalisation of consensual sex work, including those laws that prohibit associated activities – such as bans on buying, soliciting and arranging and organising sex work.

Specifically, it urges governments to ensure protection of sex workers from harm, exploitation and coercion; to enable sex workers to participate in the development of laws that affect their lives and safety; an end to discrimination, access to education and employment options for all.

Amnesty’s policy is the culmination of extensive worldwide consultations, analysis of substantive evidence, international human rights standards and first-hand research carried out over more than two years.

It is based on evidence that laws criminalising sex work often make workers less safe and provide impunity for abusers with workers often too scared of being penalised to report the crime to the police.

The policy also strongly reinforces Amnesty’s position that forced labour, child sexual exploitation and human trafficking are abhorrent human rights abuses requiring concerted action and which, under international law, must be criminalised in every country.

Amnesty International’s Senior Director for Law and Policy Tawanda Mutasah said:

“Sex workers are at heightened risk of a whole host of human rights abuses including rape, violence, extortion and discrimination. Far too often they receive no, or very little, protection from the law or means for redress.

“Our policy outlines how governments must do more to protect sex workers from violations and abuse. Our research highlights their testimony and the daily issues they face.

“We want laws to be refocused on making sex workers’ lives safer and improving the relationship they have with the police while addressing the very real issue of exploitation. We want governments to make sure no one is coerced to sell sex, or is unable to leave sex work if they choose to.”

Protecting from exploitation and abuse
Laws on sex work should focus on protecting people from exploitation and abuse, rather than trying to ban all sex work and penalise sex workers.

Amnesty also published today research on the impact of sex work in Papua New Guinea, Hong Kong, Norway and Argentina which shows that sex workers often received no, or very little protection from abuse, or access to legal redress, even in countries where the act of selling sex itself is legal. This is in part due to criminalisation, which further endangers and marginalises them and impedes their ability to seek protection from violence and legal and social services.

Amnesty found that rather than focusing on protecting sex workers from violence and crime, law enforcement officials in many countries focus on prohibiting sex work through surveillance, harassment and raids.

Tawanda Mutasah added:

“Sex workers have told us how criminalisation enables the police to harass them and not prioritise their complaints and safety.

“In too many places around the world sex workers are without protection of the law, and suffering awful human rights abuses. This situation can never be justified. Governments must act to protect the human rights of all people, sex workers included. Decriminalisation is just one of several necessary steps governments can take to ensure protection from harm, exploitation and coercion.”

Amnesty joins a large group of organisations from across a range of disciplines and areas of expertise who are supporting or calling for decriminalisation of consensual sex work. These include the Global Alliance Against Trafficking in Women; Global Commission on HIV and the Law; Human Rights Watch; UNAIDS; the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health; and World Health Organisation.

Country research
Argentina – The human cost of criminalising sex work in Buenos Aires
Hong Kong – Criminalising sex work in Hong Kong
Norway – Criminalisation of sex work in Norway
Papua New Guinea – Criminalising sex work in Papua New Guinea
Our stance
Amnesty calls on governments to ensure:

All people can access their economic, social and cultural rights, education and employment options
An end to harmful gender stereotypes and all forms of discrimination and structural inequalities that can lead to marginalised groups selling sex in disproportionate numbers
A refocusing of sex work laws away from catch-all offences that criminalise most or all aspects of sex work towards laws that provide protection from coercion including trafficking, acts of exploitation and abuse, and prevent the involvement of children in commercial sex.
The removal of criminal and other punitive regulation of consensual sex work between adults which reinforces marginalisation, stigma and discrimination and can deny sex workers access to justice under the law.
The participation of sex workers in the development of laws and policies that directly affect their lives and safety.
Effective frameworks that allow people to leave sex work if and when they choose.
That sex workers have equal access to justice, health care and other public services, and equal protection under the law.
The formal adoption and publication of Amnesty’s policy follows a democratic decision made by Amnesty’s global movement in August 2015, available here, which was reported widely at the time.

The policy consultation process was supplemented by Amnesty’s existing human rights research which highlights violations and abuses against sex workers including:

2010 report on Violence Against Women in Uganda highlighting the cases of women who were told that because they were selling sex they were “asking for it”, that “a prostitute can’t be raped”
2012 public statement calling on Greece to stop the criminalisation and stigmatisation of alleged sex workers found to be HIV positive
2014 report on the use of torture in Nigeria and how sex workers were particularly targeted by the police for financial bribes and rape
2014 Urgent Action on the targeting and killings of sex workers in Honduras
2014 Urgent Action on the eviction and abuse of sex workers by police in Brazil
2015 report on Tunisia which detailed how sex workers are vulnerable to sexual exploitation, blackmail and extortion primarily by police.

(amnesty)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Asia and Norway

Telenor, UNDP sign MoU to facilitate youth

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

batonBuilding on its efforts to empower Pakistani youth, the Royal Norwegian Embassy/Government of Norway and Telenor Pakistan have jointly inaugurated the second community centre in Dera Ismail Khan.

Part of the comprehensive United Nations Development Programme’s (UNDP) Youth and Social Cohesion project, the joint inauguration was followed by the signing of a memorandum of understanding (MoU) between UNDP and Telenor Pakistan, which sets the framework for both partners to cooperatively pursue convergent development goals in Pakistan.

The development was a first-stage constituent of a three-stage initiative starting in 2015, wherein Telenor Pakistan provided material and technical assistance to UNDP in the construction of three community centres in UC Musazai of DI Khan. Telenor Pakistan will be extending similar support for the second and third stages of the project that comprise interventions and expansion of services and resources respectively.

With Pakistan currently experiencing a dramatic growth in its youth population, the youth bulge can both be seen as force for good – with great potential for generating economic growth; and potential disaster – should large segments become unemployed, disillusioned and violent. The three-year initiative aims at leveraging Pakistan’s immensely rich youth potential towards triggering positive, long-term development.

“We are pleased to be progressing in a partnership that brings us closer to achieving our goal of empowering the Pakistani society. Although we still have a long way to go, we are already making headway and the second community centre is ready to engage the youth of KPK in constructive pursuits,” said Telenor Pakistan CEO Michael Foley while inaugurating the centre. “We aim to provide the unemployed and disillusioned youth in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa with opportunities to interact and engage in social/communal spaces, free from pernicious narratives and discourses, so they are less likely to be drawn towards anti-state elements, and more towards alternative pathways of positive development.”

(dailytimes)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Oil & Gas

Partnership aims to bolster Norway’s hydrogen fuel infrastructure

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

unoxhydrogenstasjonCompanies come together to develop new hydrogen stations in Norwegian cities.

Uno-X Hydrogen AS has announced that it has partnered with Norway’s Praxair, a leading producer of industrial gases, in order to develop a comprehensive hydrogen fuel infrastructure. Together, these companies aim to install 20 new hydrogen stations in Norway by 2020. These stations will be located in the country’s major cities, where fuel cell vehicles are expected to have a significant presence. Praxair will hold a 20% ownership over the new stations through its partnership with Uno-X Hydrogen AS.

Norway may become an attractive clean transportation with a comprehensive infrastructure.

Norway is expected to have a considerable clean transportation market in the coming years. The country has been supporting clean vehicles for some time, hoping to become more environmentally friendly by limiting the emissions associated with the transportation space. Electric vehicles have long been somewhat popular among consumers, but many automakers are beginning to cars equipped with fuel cells. These vehicles produce no harmful emissions, but currently lack infrastructure support, which makes them relatively unattractive to consumers.

Fuel cell vehicles need infrastructure support to win over consumers

Hydrogen Fuel Infrastructure in Norway – Flag of NorwayIn order for fuel cell vehicles to find success, a comprehensive hydrogen fuel infrastructure must be developed. Building hydrogen stations has been slow going, however, as these stations are somewhat expensive to build. While governments and automakers have been investing in the development of an infrastructure, costs remain high for developers. Despite this, however, new hydrogen stations are taking form, but it may be years before a comprehensive infrastructure can be established, which means that the number of fuel cell vehicles available to consumers will be limited for some time.

Partnership aims to collaborate with oil and gas companies to identify infrastructure issues

Together, Praxair and Uno-X Hydrogen AS will work to identify issues concerning the production of hydrogen fuel in an effort to build new stations that are efficient and can meet the needs of consumers. The companies believe that working with oil and gas companies is paramount to their endeavor and both have worked with these companies in Demark in the past.

(hydrogenfuelnews)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Science

UB architectural historian joins prestigious Institute for Advanced Study

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 27, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan
Despina Stratigakos

Despina Stratigakos

University at Buffalo architectural historian Despina Stratigakos has been invited to advance her research on the wide-ranging architectural influences of Germany’s Third Reich as a 2016-17 member of the Institute for Advanced Study, located in Princeton, New Jersey.

A bastion for academic freedom, the institute is one of the world’s leading centers for “curiosity-driven” research.
Stratigakos, associate professor and interim chair of architecture at UB, will focus her research on the massive construction schemes undertaken in Norway following Germany’s invasion in 1940 and what they reveal about the National Socialist vision of colonial territories in the postwar world Adolf Hitler imagined.

“Norway provides us with a unique view of what much of the world might have looked like had the Nazi regime succeeded in its global colonization plans: Cities designed to enforce in their very structures Nazi ideology, vast transportation systems meant to move resources to the metropole and special cities reserved for German occupiers, who would have ruled from their protected enclaves,” Stratigakos said.

“While it sounds like science fiction, this disturbing plan was partially realized in Norway, and remains a ghost presence in the Norwegian landscape.”

Founded in 1930 by education reformer Abraham Flexner, the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton has served as a model for protecting and promoting independent inquiry.

The institute’s community of scholars has grown to more than 7,000 historians, mathematicians, natural scientists and social scientists. Among its faculty and members are 33 Nobel Laureates, including Albert Einstein.

As a historian and writer interested in the intersection of architecture and power, Stratigakos has produced award-winning scholarship related to Germany, modernism and 20th-century architecture. In 2008, she released “A Women’s Berlin: Building the Modern City.”

Stratigakos’ critically acclaimed “Hitler at Home” (Yale University Press, 2015) reveals how Hitler’s domestic spaces became part of the National Socialist cultural imagination and the basis of a propaganda campaign that shaped a softer image of the Führer in Germany and abroad.

Stratigakos has also published widely on issues of diversity in architecture.

Her just-published book, “Where Are the Women Architects?” (Princeton University Press, 2016), uses the architectural profession as a lens into issues affecting women across male-dominated occupations, arguing that the emergence of a third wave of feminism in architecture provides opportunity for concrete change.
(buffalo.edu)

May 27, 2016 0 comments
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Defence

Kongsberg, PGZ sign LoI to collaborate on Narew programme

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan
British Army Gunners from 16 Regiment, Royal Artillery, set up a Rapier FSC Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) system at Blackheath, London on 2 May 12.   The Rapier is one of six GBAD systems being placed around London as part of Exercise Olympic Guardian. This major military and civilian exercise is taking place to help make the London 2012 Olympic Games as safe and secure as possible. It will see a wide range of capabilities rehearsed in a deliberate and orchestrated manner over a nine-day period.   Rapier, and the smaller Starstreak system, may be deployed for the Games as part of the Air Security Plan, which aims to secure the Olympics from an airborne attack. It is just one aspect of a multi-layered plan that includes RAF Typhoon interceptor aircraft, military helicopters carrying RAF Regiment snipers, and a range of radars and sensors based around the UK. While the missiles may be the most noticeable aspect of Rapier and Starstreak, their primary role will be to use their detection capabilities to provide an additional ability to identify unauthorised aircraft in the restricted airspace around London.

British Army Gunners from 16 Regiment, Royal Artillery, set up a Rapier FSC Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) system at Blackheath, London on 2 May 12.
The Rapier is one of six GBAD systems being placed around London as part of Exercise Olympic Guardian. This major military and civilian exercise is taking place to help make the London 2012 Olympic Games as safe and secure as possible. It will see a wide range of capabilities rehearsed in a deliberate and orchestrated manner over a nine-day period.
Rapier, and the smaller Starstreak system, may be deployed for the Games as part of the Air Security Plan, which aims to secure the Olympics from an airborne attack. It is just one aspect of a multi-layered plan that includes RAF Typhoon interceptor aircraft, military helicopters carrying RAF Regiment snipers, and a range of radars and sensors based around the UK. While the missiles may be the most noticeable aspect of Rapier and Starstreak, their primary role will be to use their detection capabilities to provide an additional ability to identify unauthorised aircraft in the restricted airspace around London.

Norway’s Kongsberg has signed a letter of intent (LoI) with Polish Armaments Group (PGZ) to collaborate on a potential bid to meet Poland’s Narew short-range air defence system requirement.

In a ceremony on 24 May in Oslo, Kongsberg Defence Systems president Harald Ånnestad signed an agreement with PGZ president Arkadiusz Siwko to collaborate on a bid involving Kongsberg’s NASAMS surface-to-air missile system for the Narew programme, as well as to start collaboration in areas such as naval battle management systems, space programmes, and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems.

The accord also covers developing potential export markets for PGZ equipment.

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Economics

Norsk Titanium Announces $10 Million Investment from Harbert European Growth Capital Fund

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

ucla-prestige-space-explorationNorsk Titanium AS, the world’s pioneering supplier of aerospace-grade, additive manufactured, structural titanium components, today announced it has closed a $10 million growth debt facility with Harbert European Growth Capital Fund I (HEGCF) as part of the company’s current aerospace production financing round.

“The growth potential of this company is beyond any doubt, and we are very pleased to be part of its future and hope to bring our close relationships within the technology sector to the fore.”

The funds will be used to further strengthen Norsk Titanium’s leadership team and operations worldwide in support of aerospace qualification and production orders for precision structural components produced by the company’s patented Rapid Plasma Deposition™ (RPD™) technology. The investment was led by Fahad Khan at HEGCF. Details of the investment were not released.

“Norsk Titanium is strategically expanding, and the addition of growth debt allows us to diversify our financing structure while pursuing a variety of complementary opportunities, both within the aerospace and defense sector and beyond,” said Bart van Aalst, Chief Financial Officer of Norsk Titanium. “Forward-looking investors are critical to rapidly expanding organizations that strive to remain independent, and Harbert’s pragmatic and entrepreneurial approach makes them an ideal partner to a company like Norsk Titanium,” concluded Van Aalst.

“We chose to invest in Norsk Titanium because their Rapid Plasma Deposition™ 3D technology is heralded as one of the most disruptive processes in additive manufacturing, and their strong management team makes it a real game-changer in a sector so often bereft of true innovation,” said Johan Kampe, Senior Managing Director at Harbert Management Corporation. “The growth potential of this company is beyond any doubt, and we are very pleased to be part of its future and hope to bring our close relationships within the technology sector to the fore.”

Norsk Titanium will be putting its RPD™ technology on display at the 2016 Farnborough International Airshow, allowing a global audience to witness unprecedented manufacturing efficiencies from the company’s MERKE IV™ line of production machines.

About Norsk Titanium AS

Norsk Titanium AS is the world’s pioneering supplier of aerospace-grade, additive manufactured, structural titanium components. The company is distinguished in the aviation industry by its patented Rapid Plasma Deposition™ (RPD™) process that transforms titanium wire into complex components suitable for structural and safety-critical applications. The Norsk Titanium research and development team is committed to displacing the inefficient forging process with a precision wire deposition technology embodying substantial savings for aerospace, defense, and commercial applications.

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Corruption in Norway

Norway consumer body stages live app terms reading

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

1e912f70b696ea6fc98e51284c3af6a4Norwegians have spent more than 30 hours reading out terms and conditions from smartphone apps in a campaign by the country’s consumer agency, the BBC reported.

The average Norwegian has 33 apps, the Norwegian Consumer Council says, whose terms and conditions together run longer than the New Testament.

To prove the “absurd” length, the council got Norwegians to read each of them out in real time on their website.

The reading finished on Wednesday, clocking in at 31:49:11.
Some of the world’s most popular apps were chosen, including Netflix, YouTube, Facebook, Skype, Instagram and Angry Birds.

“The current state of terms and conditions for digital services is bordering on the absurd,” said Finn Myrstad from the Norwegian Consumer Council.
“Their scope, length and complexity mean it is virtually impossible to make good and informed decisions.”

The council is calling on the industry to write shorter, clearer terms and conditions and to adopt a common standard.

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Defence

Norway buy Finland defence company

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

Finland_PhantomIRxr_Raytheon_IDEX_2013_news_pictureFinnish state-owned defence manufacturer Patria on Wednesday announced a plan to privatize a portion of the company by selling it to Kongsberg, a partially state-owned defence company in Norway.

“The competition authorities have granted their approval concerning sale by State of Finland of 49.9 percent of the defence company Patria Oyj to Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace AS,” Patria said in a statement.

Patria said the value of the deal was €283.5 million ($316 million).

Finland is not member of Nato, unlike neighbouring Norway, but it has intensified its partnership with Nato by participating in joint exercises in the Baltic Sea region, where the United States and neighbouring Russia have increased military activity lately, due to the conflict in Ukraine.

Patria’s main product, an armoured vehicle, was a profitable business until 2008, when the company was linked to bribing scandals in sales to Slovenia, Egypt and Croatia. Eventually, after seven years, all charges were dropped against Patria and its bosses.

The company has managed to recover from the reputational damage it suffered as a result, but in 2014 Finland’s government decided to seek a new minority owner to the company.

In 2015, Patria’s operationing profit was €46.8 million ($52.1 million), down some 16 percent from a year before.

Half of Kongsberg is owned by the Norwegian state and the rest by international investors.

(afp)

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Science

Workaholism may lead to psychiatric disorders

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

iStock_000010843372XSmallResearchers at the University of Bergen in Norway have examined the associations between workaholism and psychiatric disorders among 16,426 working adults.

“Workaholics scored higher on all the psychiatric symptoms than non-workaholics,” says researcher and Clinical Psychologist Specialist Cecilie Schou Andreassen, at the Department of Psychosocial Science, at the University of Bergen (UiB), and visiting scholar at the UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior.

Workaholics score higher on all clinical states

The study showed that workaholics scored higher on all the psychiatric symptoms than non-workaholics. Among workaholics, the main findings were that:

32.7 per cent met ADHD criteria (12.7 per cent among non-workaholics).
25.6 per cent OCD criteria (8.7 per cent among non-workaholics).
33.8 per cent met anxiety criteria (11.9 per cent among non-workaholics).
8.9 per cent met depression criteria (2.6 per cent among non-workaholics).
“Thus, taking work to the extreme may be a sign of deeper psychological or emotional issues. Whether this reflects overlapping genetic vulnerabilities, disorders leading to workaholism or, conversely, workaholism causing such disorders, remain uncertain,” says Schou Andreassen.

The pioneering study, published in the open-access journal PLOS One, is co-authored by researchers from Nottingham Trent University and Yale University.

Affects identification of disorders

According to Schou Andreassen, the findings clearly highlight the importance of further investigating neurobiological deviations related to workaholic behaviour.

“In wait for more research, physicians should not take for granted that a seemingly successful workaholic does not have ADHD-related or other clinical features. Their considerations affect both the identification and treatment of these disorders,” says Schou Andreassen.

Seven diagnostic criteria for workaholism

The researchers used seven valid criteria when drawing the line between addictive and non-addictive behaviour.

Experiences occurring over the past year are rated from 1 (never) to 5 (always):

You think of how you can free up more time to work.
You spend much more time working than initially intended.
You work in order to reduce feelings of guilt, anxiety, helplessness or depression.
You have been told by others to cut down on work without listening to them.
You become stressed if you are prohibited from working.
You deprioritize hobbies, leisure activities, and/or exercise because of your work.
You work so much that it has negatively influenced your health.
Scoring 4 (often) or 5 (always) on four or more criteria identify a workaholic.

Accordingly, the Bergen Work Addiction Scale operationalizes workaholism by the same symptoms as traditional addictions: salience, mood modification, conflict, tolerance, withdrawal, relapse and problems.

In line with previous research, 7.8 per cent of the current sample classified as workaholics, which is close to an estimate (8.3 per cent) found in a (and, to date, only) nationally representative study conducted by Dr. Andreassen and colleagues in 2014.

Source:
The University of Bergen

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Racism in Norway

Czech mother ready to fight for sons in Norway, trial begins

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

motls.blogspot.noCzech mother Eva Michalakova is ready to fight Norwegian authorities until she wins her two sons back, she said during the court proceedings that started dealing with her appeal against stripping her of her parental rights and the adoption of the younger son yesterday.

The court in Hokksund will deal with the case until Friday. However, the verdict will be only issued within four weeks and sent to the family in writing.

Michalakova said she would prefer to return with her children to the Czech Republic, but the father, her former Czech husband who is also living in Norway, is against it.

“So I naturally must accept the other option: to remain in Norway and cooperate with the Barnevernet and the psychologist so that the judicial system let the children return to the family,” she said.

The Norwegian Child Welfare Service (Barnevernet) took the boys from her and her former husband in May 2011.
“Unfortunately, I have no information about the children,” Michalakova said.

The Hokksund court deals with the case behind closed doors. Neither journalists nor Michalakova’s lawyer Pavel Hasenkopf were let in the courtroom.

The Norwegian media do not follow the case since they respect the principle of confidentiality in cases involving children. Apart from Czech journalists, the French Arte TV is following the case because its reporters are documenting cases of foreigners from whom their children were taken away by Norwegian authorities.

The two sons of Michalakova, Denis and David, now 11 and seven years old, respectively, were both born in Norway. Barnevernet took them away from the family due to suspected abuse, neglect and cruelty five years ago and placed them into foster families. The suspicion has not been proved, but the court decided that the situation was so serious that the two boys should stay with their foster parents. Each boy is living with a different family.

In 2014, Michalakova asked for a revision of her case and for the boys to be returned to her. Last autumn, Norwegian authorities stripped her of parental rights and approved the adoption of her younger son.

The father, whose parental rights were not terminated, appealed against the adoption, too.

The Czech state has supported Michalakova in the case. It sent its position to the court, referring to the U.N. convention on children’s rights according to which adoption abroad can be considered surrogate care if it cannot be provided at home.

The Czech state noted that the mother could not see her sons although she wanted to. The mother has not seen David since August 2015 and Denis since early 2014. The Norwegian authorities say Denis does not want to see his mother.

According to the Czech supporters of Michalakova, the mother is the only person who can raise the two sons together and the Norwegian authorities do not inquire whether Michalakova is able to be a good parent now.
The Norwegian side has refused to comment on the case from the beginning, citing the protection of privacy of the two boys. The Norwegian Embassy in Prague said previously Barnevernet had good reasons to take the Michalak boys away from the parents and Michalakova did not tell the whole truth to the Czech authorities.

(CTK)

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Science

US Military As Well As Norway Will Seek Access To Secure Signal Of Galileo Constellation

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

5745fb6f4713cPlans are underway for the US and its military as well as Norway to seek to have access to the PRS signal from the Galileo constellation.

Now that the latest two satellites, Danielé and Alizée have been launched to join the Galileo satellite constellation family, word has it that the US and US military and Norway have asked to have access to its secure PRS signal.

The European Commission will probably give their permission to open negotiations on the use by these two nations of the secure PRS signal on June 7. Once that has occurred, the commission will open its own negotiations with US and Norwegian authorities to discuss terms of access to PRS.

At a Galileo meeting this month, those in attendance shared that Galileo’s owners were uncomfortable that the largest user of the PRS signal would be the European national military forces. Yet, thus far the Galileo’s Commercial Service is planned in the future and will not be a part of the services that are to be offered this year, and furthermore, the technical services have yet to be defined.

Work is underway on the software upgrades for the 30 satellites, while the launches of the remaining 12 satellites are planned with four satellites launched each time. The next upcoming launch is scheduled for November 17 and the remaining two launches fall onto the the 2017 and 2018 calendar. With 24 satellites, the Galileo Constellation is considered fully operational, but the European officials want to launch 30 satellites to provide sufficient in-orbit backup.

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Media Freedom

Oslo Freedom Forum Founder Says Thiel “Has Every Right” To Fund Media Lawsuits

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 26, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

Screen Shot 2016-05-26 at 10.02.29The foundation that puts on the annual gathering of dissidents and journalists has received at least $900,000 in funding from the tech billionaire.

Billionaire investor Peter Thiel has at least one civil society ally defending his financing of lawsuits against Gawker Media: the founder of the New York-based Human Rights Foundation, which has received at least $900,000 in funding from Thiel.

“Peter Thiel is a free man in a free society, and he has every right to engage in third party litigation financing if he wants to” Human Rights Foundation founder Thor Halvorssen told BuzzFeed News. “If he thinks that Gawker should be hauled into court and sued for what he believes is wrongdoing, and he is willing to finance the effort, that’s between Peter Thiel and whoever is prosecuting the lawsuit. There appears to be nothing illegal in Thiel’s conduct.”
Halvorssen was speaking by phone from the sidelines of the Oslo Freedom Forum, an annual gathering of activists, dissidents and journalists that is put on by his foundation. He described Thiel as a “visionary, an innovator, and a person of principle.”

Thiel’s ideas have influenced the Venezuelan-Norwegian activist in ways beyond the political or ideological. In a 2013 profile, Halvorssen told BuzzFeed News that he got the idea to cryogenically freeze his body after death from the Facebook board member.

Forbes and the New York Times reported Tuesday that Thiel has helped fund a lawsuit against Gawker by Terry Bollea — aka Hulk Hogan — stemming from the site’s publication of an excerpt of a sex tape featuring the wrestler.
Hogan won a $140 million judgment in the suit, which a Florida Circuit Court judge recently upheld. Gawker is appealing. “We trust the appeals court will correct the outsized Florida jury verdict and reaffirm the law that protects a free and critical press, which is more embattled and important than ever,” Gawker said in a statement Wednesday.
Thiel says advocates for a free press should not fear his approach to funding lawsuits. “I refuse to believe that journalism means massive privacy violations,” he told the New York Times in an interview published Wednesday night. “I think much more highly of journalists than that. It’s precisely because I respect journalists that I do not believe they are endangered by fighting back against Gawker.”

Joel Simon, the executive director of The Committee to Protect Journalists, which has also received funding from Thiel, put out a statement Wednesday saying that while the organization supports people’s rights to pursue defamation claims, “we do not support efforts to abuse the process by seeking to punish or bankrupt particular media outlets.” Thiel has not donated to CPJ or HRF since 2013 and 2014 respectively.

Halvorssen, who spoke to BuzzFeed News before Thiel’s Times interview was published, acknowledged that “defamation lawsuits are often used to silence journalists engaged in whistleblowing and uncovering malfeasance and political corruption,” but argued that in Gawker’s case, “this does not seem to be one such lawsuit.”

Gawker has the “right to publish what they wish,” Halvorssen said, and in return “they might be held accountable in a court of law.”

(BuzzFeed)

May 26, 2016 0 comments
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Africa and Norway

Lamamra takes part in ministerial consultations between Africa, Nordic countries Thursday in Oslo

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

4cddd5e3711793b14ffafe620381a89b_XLALGIERS-Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation Ramtane Lamamra will partake Thursday and Friday in Oslo (Norway) in a closed meeting between FMs of fifteen African countries and five Nordic ones, the Foreign Affairs Ministry announced in a communiqué

“Political dialogue, security, sustainable development and migration cooperation will be on the agenda of talks between twenty African and Nordic FMs,” the same source said.

Besides, this meeting will be an opportunity to meet Norwegian business leaders and representatives of the business sector to “exchange views on investment and partnership opportunities,” according to the same source.

Lamamra will co-chair with his Finnish counterpart a working session on “migration and mobility.” He will also meet his African and Nordic counterparts, the same source stated.

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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Killing

Norwegian tourist found dead in Skiathos pool

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

ambulance_ekav4_web-thumb-largeA 35-year-old Norwegian man who was vacationing on Skiathos has been found dead in a swimming pool on the island in the Sporades are an archipelago along the east coast of Greece, northeast of the island of Euboea, in the Aegean Sea.

Authorities were alerted late on Tuesday.

The man was found floating in the pool of a villa he had rented.

He was immediately taken to the local health center but doctors were not able to revive him.

The cause of death was not immediately clear.

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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Politics

Norway recognises efforts Harpford war veteran

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

imageThe ‘last man standing’ from the invasion of Norway in World War Two has been recognised by the country with a diploma.

Second Lieutenant Raymond Savage, 96, was with the 1st/5th Battalion of the Royal Leicestershire Regiment trying to fend off the Germans in April 1940. The men arrived ‘frankly, ill-equipped’ for the 62-day campaign – prior to their landing, a U-boat torpedoed the supply ship, taking food, transport and weaponry with it.

“We were up against battle-hardened troops,” said Raymond. “They had air superiority, they had tanks. We had nothing. We weren’t able to stem the advance. We lost a lot of people and I was cut off. I escaped on skis to [neutral] Sweden, where I was interned for six months before being repatriated. It was a bit of a disaster all round.”

After returning home, Raymond was posted to the Far East and later captured in Singapore. Rising to the rank of captain, he was captured by the Japanese and was a prisoner for much of the rest of the war.

For his service, Bob Allen MBE, of the Royal Leicestershire Regiment Association, thought Raymond deserved some recognition, so contacted the British Embassy in Oslo.

Nicole Granholt, the assistant to the defence attaché, said: “Norway is very proud of, and grateful to, British veterans who took part in the Norway Campaign during the Second World War and the Veterans Affairs Office of the Norwegian Armed Forces is very happy to acknowledge the contribution of individuals by way of a diploma.”

(midweekherald)

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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Environment

McDonald’s and global seafood providers make move for Arctic

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

sivalbadGlobal brands, including McDonald’s, Tesco, Iglo, Young’s Seafood, Icelandic Seachill, alongside the Norwegian Fishing Vessel Owners Association, Fiskebåt, Russian fishing giant, Karat and Europe’s largest processor of frozen fish, Espersen, have today said “no” to the further expansion of cod fishing into the previously-frozen Northern Barents Sea — an area twice the size of France. [1]

The ground-breaking agreement brokered by Greenpeace marks the first time the seafood industry has voluntarily imposed limitations to industrial fishing in the Arctic. This means that any fishing companies expanding into pristine Arctic waters will not be able to sell their cod to major seafood brands and retailers.

Currently there is no specific legal regime in place to protect Arctic areas that were previously covered by sea ice. The challenge is now on the industry to properly implement this new commitment, and ensure their products are not linked to Arctic destruction.

Commenting on the statement, Greenpeace campaigner Frida Bengtsson said:

“Today, McDonald’s, Espersen, Young’s Seafood, and Iglo, Findus & Birds Eye and many more have taken action together with the Norwegian fishing industry to safeguard a huge marine area in the Arctic. In the absence of significant legal protection of the icy waters of the northern Barents Sea, this is an unprecedented step from the seafood industry.

In March, Greenpeace investigations revealed how the melting Arctic sea ice has made it possible for large, bottom trawlers to venture into previously ice-covered ‘ecologically significant’ areas. [2] The report exposed how global, well-known food brands and retailers buying cod from the Barents Sea risked having their supply chain tainted with Arctic destruction

The region, which includes the Svalbard archipelago, also known as the ‘Arctic Galapagos’, is home to vulnerable animals including the polar bear, bowhead whale and Greenland shark. At least 70% of all the Atlantic cod that ends up on dinner plates around the world is from the Barents Sea as such.

“This voluntary and unprecedented move by the seafood industry highlights the lack of political ambition so far to protect the Arctic. Now it’s up to the Norwegian government to catch up with the companies and protect the Arctic for the long term”, said Frida Bengtsson.

Greenpeace is calling on the Norwegian government to protect this truly unique and vulnerable area in the Norwegian Arctic waters and acknowledge the growing resistance to reckless exploitation of the fragile Arctic environment, not only from millions of individual people but also from the corporate world. [3]

The statement from the fishing industry comes weeks after Arctic sea ice hit a record low maximum extent for winter. With the extreme loss of sea ice, large areas of water are left open for longer periods and the need for legal protection to replace the protective ice-shield is urgent.

The challenge for these companies is now to deliver on their commitment to Arctic protection and show real results out on the water. The world’s eyes are on the Arctic. This summer, the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise will go to the Arctic to keep watch over the areas now off limits to ensure that the fishing industry meets these commitments.

ENDS

(Scoop Media)

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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Norwegian American

Norwegian girls left religious culture for the freedom of New York

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan
Several thousand young unmarried women from Norway’s southernmost counties went to the US during the first decades after World War II. Most quickly changed their clothing and hairstyles and adopted American fashion and culture, such as this young woman. The photo on the left shows her as a teenager in Norway, while the one on the right shows her in the United States. (Photo: private; montage: Arnfinn Christensen, forskning.no)

Several thousand young unmarried women from Norway’s southernmost counties went to the US during the first decades after World War II. Most quickly changed their clothing and hairstyles and adopted American fashion and culture, such as this young woman. The photo on the left shows her as a teenager in Norway, while the one on the right shows her in the United States. (Photo: private; montage: Arnfinn Christensen, forskning.no)

Women from southern Norway who immigrated to the United States after World War II swapped the religious culture they came from for modern clothes, high heels, makeup and dance.

As late as the 1960s, young, unmarried women from southern Norway left a deeply rooted religious culture to journey to the United States in search of freedom. They came from small towns and cities that looked askance at everything from women in trousers to dancing on Saturday night.

Siv Ringdal, from the Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages at the University of Oslo, has tracked down and interviewed 21 of these women as part of her doctoral research.

“For many, it was liberation. Many described it as the best time in their life, even though it was difficult to make the adjustment. Every person I talked to said they thrived,” Ringdal said.

Two-thirds still live in the US
Most of the people Ringdal interviewed left Norway when they were between the ages of 17 up to their mid-20s. They came from the southern coastal towns and cities of Kristiansand, Lista, Arendal, Lindesnes and Farsund. Today, these women are between 70 and 90 years old.

Ringdal has done fieldwork both in Norway and on the east coast of the United States, where most of those who remained in the US chose to settle. Seven of the women returned to Norway when they married, while 14 stayed in the United States.

From strict homes to the melting pot
All of the women came from extremely religious communities where there were strict expectations as to how young women should look and behave.

At that time it was considered sinful in religious parts southern Norway to wear makeup and trousers. If the women went on dancing on Saturday night, they could be talked about when they went to church on Sunday. It was completely unacceptable for women to smoke or drink.

Even those who were not active in the church community felt controlled by these religious expectations.

“I was surprised at the very strong grip that religious culture had in southern Norway at this time,” said Ringdal.

A Norwegian outpost in Brooklyn
Most of the girls who went to the US stopped first at a Norwegian expatriate community in Brooklyn, before being hired as a maid either in Brooklyn or in Manhattan.

“This is the last generation of surviving Norwegians to emigrate, and it is interesting to know how these women choreographed their lives in New York’s cultural and ethnic mosaic,” says Siv Ringdal. (Photo: Alf Tore Øksdal)

“This is the last generation of surviving Norwegians to emigrate, and it is interesting to know how these women choreographed their lives in New York’s cultural and ethnic mosaic,” says Siv Ringdal. (Photo: Alf Tore Øksdal)

The move meant a steep learning curve. The girls were tossed into the American workforce and could not speak English at first. But their work also offered a way to learn about this alluring new culture.

The girls found America liberating. They were accustomed to food rationing in post-war Norway and came to New York with homemade and mended clothing. Now they were independent and earned money that they could spend on whatever they wanted.

“Going to the United States met their expectations, many had far more freedom there than in Norway,” said Ringdal.

Nevertheless, they had to address conflicts between ideals and practices from Norwegian culture and their adopted home.

Dreamed about high heels and pretty dresses
Many of the girls had read Norwegian magazine articles about the American lifestyle and movie stars, which they adopted as feminine role models. Some of the girls had also received packages from America from relatives, filled with exciting gifts.

Once they moved to the US, they were quick to adopt American fashions. They bought nylon stockings and colourful dresses.

These young women were particularly keen on high heels. One of the most popular choices for those who went to the US in the late 1940s was a pair of open-toe, high-heeled shoes.

“When one of the women returned to Agder on vacation, her grandmother got very angry and told her that ‘shoes with holes in the toe are very sinful’,” Ringdal said.

Her uncle thought the shoes would be useful for planting peas in the spring.

Divide between secular and religious
Many of the women maintained a strong connection to the Norwegian community in Brooklyn.

“It gradually became accepted for women in this community to wear pants. But a visiting Norwegian minister scolded the girls who wore them, because it was still taboo where he came from in Norway,” Ringdal said.

Most Norwegian girls got jobs as maids and learned about American culture through their work. Some were lucky and had a close relationship with their female employer, who taught them about American standards of hygiene and how to shave under your arms. (Photo: Lapskaus Boulevard)

Most Norwegian girls got jobs as maids and learned about American culture through their work. Some were lucky and had a close relationship with their female employer, who taught them about American standards of hygiene and how to shave under your arms. (Photo: Lapskaus Boulevard)

Eventually there was a clear divide in the Norwegian expatriate community, between girls who came from secular and Christian backgrounds, Ringdal discovered.

“Many disengaged from this environment and started smoking and drinking and dancing. Yet they went to church every now and then, ” she said.

Others preserved their ties to the Christian community in the Norwegian-American population to maintain a sense of belonging. They were careful with makeup and clothing choices, and did not drink or smoke.

Sometimes they went to the cinema or theatre, but never out to dance.

Treasure chest of memories
Although none of the women Ringdal interviewed was unhappy with their lives in the US, some still moved back to the old country. These women have a very nostalgic view of their time in America.

They moved back to Norway with furniture and all of the American comforts they could manage. They carefully stored the dresses, jewellery and photos they have from that period in chests and boxes.

But those who remained in the United States also have a nostalgic view of the Norway they left.

“They needed to show me that they still remembered Norwegian recipes, and served me traditional kjøttkaker (meat patties) and bløtkake (cream cake) when I went to interview them,” Ringdal said.

(sciencenordic)

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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Asia and Norway

Cambodia Angkor Air appoints APG as its GSA sales representative in Norway

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

Cambodia-Angkor-Air1Cambodia Angkor Air, code K6, has appointed APG as its GSA in France, USA, UK, Spain, Belgium, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands.

Cambodia Angkor Air is the national flag carrier of Cambodia, with its corporate headquarters and main hub in Phnom Penh. It commenced operations on the 28 of July 2009 and was established as a joint venture by the Cambodian government (51%) and Vietnam Airlines (49%).

Operating a fleet of 7 aircraft, the airline serves 20 destinations in the region, including domestic destinations as well as destinations in Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, China as well as Singapore.

The airline plans to start operations to Seoul later this year and Hong Kong in 2017.

The airline’s fleet is made up of Airbus A321 aircraft as well as smaller ATR72 aircraft for domestic and short haul operations.

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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Peace Talks

Unenthusiastic thoughts about the new government

by Nadarajah Sethurupan May 25, 2016
written by Nadarajah Sethurupan

OFF11-event-photo-1I am in the Norwegian capital for the Oslo Freedom Forum, a brilliant initiative that that brings together the liberal activists and intellectuals of the world. There are heroes who dared to defy the North Korean dystopia, the tyrannies of the Arab world, or the dictatorships in Russia, Gabon or Serbia. It is a great place to learn more about the struggles for freedom by those who genuinely believe in freedom.

Back in Turkey, meanwhile, a new government is being formed. Honestly, I am not terribly interested in it.

For I know it will give Turkey simply more of what we have been given in the past five years: One-man rule and the unquestioned, unchallenged leadership of one single individual who sits at the top of a colossal hierarchical pyramid.

It is such a hierarchy that it purges everyone who does not show full and resolute obedience to the great leader, even if they happen to be the very founders and veterans of the ruling party. You probably already know this, seeing what has happened to key figures of the ruling party such Abdullah Gül, Bülent Arınç, and, most lately, Ahmet Davutoğlu. I also know it thanks to certain rumors I hear from Ankara and Twitter feeds I follow on the web. On one of the latter, for example, which is widely believed to be a good source of insider information, I read yesterday: “The cabinet was prepared days ago. It was a list cleansed of all the names close to Gül and Davutoğlu.”

Wow. The hierarchy not only purges Gül and Davuoğlu, as you can see, but also “names close to them.” For they have hurt themselves by showing loyalty to these key names in the party, whose loyalty to the great leader proved insufficient. So now, they find themselves on the side, no matter how successful, how efficient they may have been in their jobs. For such qualities are only secondary to the most important quality: Being 100 percent (not even 99 percent) obedient to the great leader.

This culture – or cult – of the great leader was quite visible also in the party congress last week where the ruling party announced its new chair. But the new chair was just a chair, not “the leader,” and everybody, including himself, made sure to emphasize this fact. That is why the thousands of people who sat nonchalantly in their seats throughout the congress all stood up, suddenly, at a special moment – when the message of the great leader was recited out loud.

One of the sympathizers of the ruling party thought that this was even a bit too much. “We sit even when the Qur’an, the message of the Creator, is recited,” she wrote on Twitter. She did not elaborate as to which problem she was alluding to, but it was obvious. It was probably also obvious to the army of trolls that monitor social media on behalf of the great leader and decide who is loyal enough to be favored by the party. I am sure she got a minus.

These are the things that make me unenthusiastic about the new government. I wish the best for it, for sure, including the new prime minister who, at the very least, seems to have the rare quality to smile at people and crack jokes. But I will not kill myself to see who gets which ministry and what their vision is. For whoever comes to any position of power, I know who will actually be ruling Turkey, from the most macro- to the most micro-level management: The great leader – who would actually have done all of us, including himself, a great favor, if he did not aspire to be this great.

(hurriyetdailynews)

May 25, 2016 0 comments
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